翻译：3通过对转向架区域的雪粒融化量进行合理假设分析了液态水含量、雪粒含量、液滴直径、列车运行速度和计算时间步长对结冰的影响。结果表明液态水含量增加了壁面对雪粒的捕获能力从而造成结冰量增加。液滴直径越小越容易进入转向架区域在转向架表面形成大面积液膜以增加结冰速率。列车运行速度的增加会增加液滴和雪粒撞击壁面的法向速率使得收集效率增加冰增长率增加。单步法结冰不能对流场实时更新忽略了液滴和雪粒收集效率的

(3) By making reasonable assumptions about the amount of snow particles melted in the bogie area, the effects of liquid water content, snow particle content, droplet diameter, train speed, and calculation time step on icing were analyzed. The results showed that an increase in liquid water content increases the ability of the wall to capture snow particles, thus increasing the amount of icing. The smaller the droplet diameter, the easier it is to enter the bogie area and form a large area of liquid film on the bogie surface to increase the icing rate. An increase in train speed increases the normal velocity at which droplets and snow particles collide with the wall, increasing collection efficiency and ice growth rate. The single-step icing method cannot update the flow field in real time and ignores changes in droplet and snow particle collection efficiency. Therefore, there are significant differences in icing amount, ice shape, and aerodynamic force compared to the multi-step icing method.

(4) Although the arrangement of the flow deflector can slow down the rate of ice and snow accumulation in the bogie area, it also increases the train's running resistance. Therefore, a model of the lead car and half-middle car was established, and the top of the bogie was designed as an air outlet to suppress the upward movement of snow particles, thereby reducing the number of snow particles entering the bogie area and achieving the effect of preventing ice and snow accumulation. At the same time, the obstruction of the wheel rotation and various components causes most of the airflow to directly hit the front wall of the bogie cabin, forming a large positive pressure zone. Due to the opposite direction of action and the direction of the train's running resistance, it reduces the overall running resistance to a certain extent. Taking into account the energy consumption caused by blowing air, the results showed that increasing the blowing speed of the end bogie of the lead car can not only achieve a better drag reduction effect, but also discharge snow particles from the bottom of the train to both sides of the track, reducing the number of snow particles entering the subsequent bogie area and achieving a better effect of preventing ice and snow accumulation