Controlled Co-Delivery of Growth Factors through Layer-By-Layer Assembly of Core-Shell Nanofibers for Improving Bone Regeneration

Bone regeneration is a complex process that requires the coordinated action of multiple growth factors to promote the differentiation and proliferation of bone cells. However, the delivery of growth factors is often challenging due to their short half-life and rapid degradation in vivo. To address this issue, researchers have developed a novel approach for controlled co-delivery of growth factors using layer-by-layer assembly of core-shell nanofibers.

The core-shell nanofibers consist of a core of poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and a shell of chitosan. The PLGA core provides a sustained release of one growth factor, while the chitosan shell contains another growth factor that is released in a more rapid and controlled manner. The layer-by-layer assembly of the nanofibers allows for precise control over the composition and release kinetics of the growth factors.

In vitro studies have demonstrated that the co-delivery of bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) from the core-shell nanofibers enhances the proliferation and differentiation of bone cells compared to delivery of either growth factor alone. In vivo studies in a rat model of bone defect have also shown that the co-delivery of BMP-2 and VEGF from the nanofibers improves bone regeneration compared to delivery of either growth factor alone or untreated controls.

Overall, the layer-by-layer assembly of core-shell nanofibers provides a promising approach for the controlled co-delivery of growth factors for improving bone regeneration. This technology has the potential to be translated into clinical applications for the treatment of bone defects and other bone-related disorders