I want you to act as an academic journal editor Please rephrase the paragraph from an academic angle based on the writting style of the Nature journalTo measure mitochondrial membrane potential ΔΨm th

Mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm) was assessed in cells treated with GO using 500 μL JC-1 operating solution at 37℃ for 20 min, followed by flow cytometry analysis. Intracellular ATP levels were measured to elucidate the underlying mechanism of PSNPs-induced cytotoxicity. The determination of intracellular ATP content was performed using kits purchased from Beyotime (Shanghai, China) and following the instructions provided by the manufacturer.