请写一篇大学课堂上关于介绍次贷危机详细情况的中英文演讲稿

中文演讲稿：

尊敬的老师和同学们：

今天我来给大家介绍一下次贷危机的详细情况。次贷危机指的是2008年全球金融危机中，由于美国次贷市场风险暴露、信贷市场崩溃而导致的全球性金融危机。那么，这场危机的具体情况是怎样的呢？

首先，我们来看看次贷市场的本质。次贷市场指的是风险较高、信用评级较低的贷款市场。在美国，次贷市场主要是由一些高风险借款人，如信用记录不佳的个人、小型企业和高风险地区的房产贷款组成。这样的贷款往往利率高且难以偿还，因此被称为“次贷”。

然而，随着房价和贷款利率的不断上涨，许多借款人无法按时还款，导致贷款违约率不断攀升。而这些次贷债务往往被打包成证券化产品，以极高的杠杆比例进行交易，成为了全球金融市场的主要投资品种。

但当次贷债务的违约率急剧上升时，这些证券化产品的价值也随之暴跌，导致许多金融机构负债累累、资不抵债。一些大型金融机构如雷曼兄弟公司甚至宣布破产，引发了全球性的金融危机。

次贷危机的教训是什么？除了贷款市场的监管不力外，还包括投资者和金融机构的过度风险认知和过度杠杆化等问题。因此，我们应该从中吸取教训，加强金融监管，防范金融风险，同时也要警惕个人和企业的过度借贷行为。

谢谢大家。

英文演讲稿：

Dear teachers and fellow students,

Today I'm here to introduce the detailed information about the subprime crisis. The subprime crisis refers to the global financial crisis caused by the exposure of risks in the subprime market and the collapse of the credit market in the United States in 2008. So, what exactly happened during this crisis?

First of all, let's take a look at the essence of the subprime market. The subprime market refers to the high-risk and low-credit-rating loan market. In the United States, the subprime market is mainly composed of high-risk borrowers, such as individuals with poor credit records, small businesses, and real estate loans in high-risk areas. Such loans often have high interest rates and are difficult to repay, hence the term "subprime."

However, as house prices and loan interest rates continued to rise, many borrowers were unable to repay their loans on time, leading to a sharp increase in loan default rates. These subprime debts were often packaged into securitized products and traded with extremely high leverage ratios, becoming a major investment product in the global financial market.

But when the default rate of subprime debt skyrocketed, the value of these securitized products also plummeted, causing many financial institutions to become heavily indebted and insolvent. Some large financial institutions, such as Lehman Brothers, even declared bankruptcy, triggering a global financial crisis.

What is the lesson of the subprime crisis? In addition to the inadequate regulation of the loan market, there are also issues such as excessive risk perception and over-leveraging by investors and financial institutions. Therefore, we should learn from this crisis, strengthen financial regulation, guard against financial risks, and also be wary of excessive borrowing behavior by individuals and businesses.

Thank you all