请帮我翻译一下内容：随着工业的发展人们对于能源的需求逐渐增加受限于科技的发展速度过去的几十年里人们主要依靠化石燃料近80来满足能源需求。这也导致了大气中的二氧化碳CO2浓度急剧上升因此减少大气中的二氧化碳浓度成为全球环境和能源的研究热点通过化学方法将CO2的转化为具有工业价值的产物不仅可以降低大气中CO2的浓度而且能够缓解能源压力。然而稳定的C=O化学键、多电子转移和多种反应产物等原因为提高催化性

With the development of industry, the demand for energy has gradually increased. Limited by the speed of technological development, people have primarily relied on fossil fuels (nearly 80%) to meet energy demand in the past few decades. This has led to a sharp increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2) in the atmosphere, making reducing atmospheric CO2 concentration a research hotspot in global environment and energy. Converting CO2 into industrial products through chemical methods can not only reduce the concentration of CO2 in the atmosphere but also alleviate energy pressure. However, stable C=O chemical bonds, multiple electron transfers, and multiple reaction products pose many challenges to improving catalytic performance and increasing selectivity.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with high porosity and diverse structures have broad potential applications. This makes MOF framework materials not only have rich molecular adsorption and sieving functions but also have other chemical or physical functions such as catalysis, light, electricity, and magnetism. Moreover, the application potential of MOF framework materials can be further improved through functional regulation and composites. Two types of materials are studied in this paper to investigate their photocatalytic CO2RR and electrocatalytic CO2RR. The electron donor-acceptor (D-A) effect of the composite affinity material constructed by the porphyrin-based metal-organic framework and C60 is explored to study the effect of efficient photoinduced charge transfer on photocatalytic CO2RR, and whether the rod-shaped metal primary structure is beneficial to electrocatalytic CO2RR is studied by synthesizing rod-shaped metal secondary building units.

In Chapter 2 of this paper, a series of C60@PCN-222 and C60@PCN-223 composite materials with different C60 contents were prepared by in-situ synthesis of porphyrin-based MOFs and C60 using the solvent-thermal method. By comparing the changes in fluorescence intensity and fluorescence lifetime of the materials before and after adding C60, it was found that the addition of C60 successfully reduced the recombination of photoinduced electrons and holes. This series of materials was applied to photocatalytic CO2RR, and the changes in catalytic performance before and after loading were compared and analyzed by testing them in a gas-solid reaction system. This work provides a new idea for improving the electrical conductivity of MOFs and promoting the ability of charge and hole separation.

From the work in Chapter 1, we found that porphyrin materials are highly efficient light-absorbing materials. Combined with the characteristics of the research group, we attempted to synthesize materials by coordinating imidazole-type porphyrin ligands with metals to obtain materials with more distinctive and higher stability. After experimental attempts and literature research, PCN-602 with the same topology structure as MOF-525, and with high acid-base stability, solvent stability, and cavity size that can better encapsulate C60 was chosen. This is more conducive to trying the D-A system materials formed by porphyrin-C60 in more systems. A stable structure often enables its application in more reaction fields. To study the stability and catalytic performance of the material, MOF-525, which has been studied and applied in the CO2RR field, was synthesized. MOF-525 and PCN-602 have many similar characteristics in performance, as they are both synthesized from porphyrin ligands. The photoinduced charge transfer was studied by photocurrent and impedance, and optoelectronic tests such as fluorescence were used for verification. Finally, the composite material was applied to photocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction in gas-solid and liquid-phase reaction systems.

In Chapter 3, the Ag-ROD framework material, which is assembled by rod-shaped secondary structure units (ROD-SBU) and organic ligands, is a characteristic structure that has been studied by the research group. Because the metal ions in ROD-MOF are one-dimensionally arranged in a chain with the same direction as the pore distribution of the framework material formed by coordination with the ligand. Materials with good pore channels are usually conducive to mass transfer, which is not only beneficial to gas adsorption but also to mass transfer in catalytic reactions. In this chapter, Ag-ROD framework material was synthesized by double-nuclear silver rod-shaped secondary structure units and bis(triazole) ligands. Its application effect in the field of electrocatalytic CO2RR was studied.