Finally Pearson correlation analysis showed that academic self-efficacy showed significance in terms of overall and its two dimensions and learning engagement overall as well as its thinking dimension

In conclusion, this study found that there is a positive relationship between academic self-efficacy and learning engagement, and that cognitive and emotional inputs have a significant impact on self-efficacy. However, behavioral and social inputs do not have a significant impact on self-efficacy. These findings suggest that educators should focus on enhancing students' cognitive and emotional inputs to improve their academic self-efficacy and learning engagement.