Silicon quantum dots (SiQDs) are widely used in biological and biomedical research due to their biocompatibility and low toxicity. However, SiQDs have a limited emission range, resulting in low quantum yield due to the excited state being more likely to be deactivated through rotation or vibration. The structure and properties of the fluorescent matter are closely related to its quantum yield. To address this issue, the chirality of amino acids in the synthesis of melanin-like particles was noticed, and it was found that amino acid ligands that change the chirality of the compound can improve their quantum yield and emission intensity.

In this study, we modified SiQDs with chiral melanin-like precursors, obtained SiQDs-(K/P)ox shows a wide emission range, high quantum efficiency and longer fluorescence lifetime. The melanin-like particles, formed by the oxidation of KYF tripeptides and D-/L-Phe, can be oxidised by ONOO- and have excellent fluorescence emission at 490 nm. Thus, a novel method for the detection of ONOO- in inflammation can be constructed by "fluorescence off". We also introduced the sulfonic acid group to enhance the steric hindrance of (K/P)ox and suppress the fluorescence quenching caused by its interaction with water molecules. The photobleaching of (K/P)ox disappears after the synthesis of SiQDs, and (K/P)ox also helps to broaden the emission range of conventional SiQDs, giving SiQDs the ability to detect ONOO-. Mutual boosting interaction between SiQDs and (K/P)ox is achieved.

Furthermore, we examined the effect of the chirality of Phe on the SiQDs-(K/P)ox quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime. Our results showed that the chirality of Phe can significantly affect the quantum yield and fluorescence lifetime of SiQDs-(K/P)ox. This finding highlights the importance of exploring the chirality of surface ligands for the development of novel fluorescent probes.

In summary, we successfully developed SiQDs-(K/P)ox with a wide emission range, high quantum efficiency and longer fluorescence lifetime. The introduction of the sulfonic acid group and the use of chirality of Phe in the synthesis process both contribute to the improvement of the SiQDs-(K/P)ox performance. This study provides a promising method for the detection of ONOO- in inflammation and sheds light on the importance of exploring the chirality of surface ligands in the development of novel fluorescent probes.

Please help me to polish this technical paper to make it read more smooth and reasonable:Silicon quantum dots SiQDs are ideal fluorescent probes for biological and biomedical research due to their bio

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