The results indicate that the format of feedback is similar between New Zealand and China with both countries using a combination of written and verbal feedback as well as online and offline feedback

quantify the students' performance and progress, and to rank and compare them with their peers. Therefore, the feedback is often more general, critical, and directive, and focuses on the students' weaknesses and areas for improvement, rather than their strengths and achievements. Additionally, in China, feedback is often provided by the teacher or authority figure, rather than being a collaborative process between the teacher and student.