改写Although immunotherapy has made great progress in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma HCC biomarkers for prediction of response remain lacking Cancer stem cells CSCs are closely to the oncogen

Despite the significant advances made in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) through immunotherapy, the absence of reliable biomarkers for predicting patients' response to this therapy has remained a challenge. One of the factors closely associated with the oncogenesis, invasion, metastasis, and drug resistance of HCC is cancer stem cells (CSCs). This study aimed to create a novel classifier that is related to CSCs to forecast the response of HCC patients to immunotherapy.