帮我润色但不改变本意：干旱胁迫是我国农业生产上最严重的自然灾害之一与水分关系密切长期以来一直威胁着我国粮食生产安全。小麦作为典型的高耗水作物其生长发育与产量形成对干旱胁迫十分敏感而干旱胁迫已对我国冬小麦产量的提升带来巨大隐患。因此亟需明确冬小麦干旱胁迫在不同地区的时空演变特征及对产量的影响。灌溉作为缓解小麦干旱的主要措施可以有效降低因干旱造成的产量损失。但随着经济的快速发展和人口的不断增加我国灌溉

Dry spell is one of the most severe natural disasters that threaten agricultural production in China, and it is closely related to water supply. For a long time, dry spell has been posing a great threat to the safety of China's food production, especially to the winter wheat crop, which is a typical high-water-consuming crop and is highly sensitive to drought stress. Therefore, it is urgent to clarify the spatiotemporal characteristics of the dry spell in different regions and its impact on winter wheat production. Irrigation is the main measure to alleviate drought stress on wheat crops and can effectively reduce the yield losses caused by drought. However, with the rapid economic development and the continuous increase in population, the contradiction between the supply and demand of irrigation water resources in China has become increasingly prominent, which greatly restricts agricultural production. Therefore, how to achieve the optimal allocation of irrigation water resources is a pressing issue. In this study, based on historical meteorological data, phenological period, and yield data of winter wheat in China's main production areas, we systematically analyzed the spatiotemporal distribution characteristics of dry spell and its impact on yield fluctuations. By combining multiple models with multi-objective optimization algorithms, we constructed an irrigation system optimization model for the main production areas of winter wheat at the regional scale, and determined the high-yield and water-saving irrigation systems for different typical years. The results of this study are of great significance for quantifying the impact of drought stress on winter wheat production, developing rational irrigation schemes, and ensuring national food security.