The role of lipid components in lipid nanoparticles for vaccines and genetherapy翻译这篇文献

脂质纳米粒子在疫苗和基因治疗中的脂质成分作用

摘要

脂质纳米粒子（LNP）已被广泛应用于疫苗和基因治疗领域。LNP是由脂质成分和其他助剂组成的纳米粒子，可用于包装和传递RNA和DNA等生物分子。脂质成分在LNP中起着至关重要的作用，包括控制LNP的大小、稳定性和荷载生物分子的能力。本综述将重点介绍LNP中常用的脂质成分，包括磷脂、胆固醇、PEG化脂质和离子型脂质，并探讨它们在LNP中的作用和优缺点。此外，本文还讨论了LNP的制备方法和应用前景。

关键词：脂质纳米粒子；疫苗；基因治疗；脂质成分；制备方法；应用前景

Abstract

Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been widely used in the fields of vaccines and gene therapy. LNPs are nanosized particles composed of lipid components and other adjuvants, which can be used for packaging and delivering biological molecules such as RNA and DNA. Lipid components play a crucial role in LNPs, including controlling the size, stability, and ability to load biological molecules. This review focuses on the commonly used lipid components in LNPs, including phospholipids, cholesterol, PEGylated lipids, and ionizable lipids, and discusses their roles and advantages and disadvantages in LNPs. In addition, this article also discusses the preparation methods and application prospects of LNPs.

Keywords: lipid nanoparticles; vaccines; gene therapy; lipid components; preparation methods; application prospects