LIHAMs Fabrication Using UV Glue Coated Polystyrene Balls as Spacers

A capillary cell was assembled above the metastructures using polystyrene balls coated with UV glue as the spacers. Large spacers (with a ball diameter of 214 μm, MicroParticles GmbH) are used for making thick LIHAMs to minimize the impact of metastructures on the deformation behaviours of LIHAMs. Then, the prepared hydrogel precursor was infiltrated into the capillary cell, followed by 15 minutes of UV exposure.