请优化以下论文的前言部分优化得更具有逻辑性和学术性Conventional high-yielding cultivation methods for winter wheat require large fertilizer and water to promote the growth of individual plants Wang et al 2006; Liu et al 2016;

Conventional cultivation methods for winter wheat have long relied on large quantities of fertilizer and water to ensure optimal growth and yield (Wang et al., 2006; Liu et al., 2016; Sun et al., 2011; Zhang et al., 2017). However, with the increasing scarcity of water resources, there is a growing need to find ways to increase water use efficiency in food production while maintaining or even increasing crop yields (Kang et al., 2000; Zhang et al., 2017). In the North China Plain, a major grain-producing region, efforts to develop water-efficient wheat have intensified in recent years due to serious groundwater shortages (Zhang et al., 2017; van Oort, 2016 #118).

Numerous studies have been conducted on water management strategies for winter wheat in this region, but the results have been inconsistent. For instance, while one study found that the optimal irrigation amount for the highest yield was 300 mm, others have suggested a sowing density of 525 to 600 plants m-2 and an irrigation amount of 75 mm at pre-sowing and jointing stages as the best approach for water conservation and high yield (Sun et al., 2006; Gao et al., 2021).

In recent years, deficit irrigation strategies have gained popularity as a means of conserving water in agriculture (Chaves and Oliverira, 2004; Fereres and Soriano, 2007; Geerts and Raes, 2009). However, the effects of different water management approaches on crop yield can vary widely depending on the specific conditions and years under investigation. For example, one study found that irrigating winter wheat with only pre-sowing water of 75 mm and nitrogen fertilizer management yielded similar results to irrigating with three waters, while another study reported a yield decrease of up to 19.5% when irrigating with only bottom moisture water (Zhou et al., 2022; Wang et al., 2018).

Given the diverse and sometimes contradictory findings from past research, it is crucial to consider the potential interannual variability in crop yield under different water management strategies, particularly when evaluating the long-term impacts of such strategies.