IV Comparison of Propaganda and Public Relations A Definition and purpose Definition of propaganda by Jowett and O’Donnell Definition of propaganda by McQuail 2010& Definition of public relation

IV. Comparison of Propaganda and Public Relations

A. Definition and purpose

Propaganda is defined as the deliberate and systematic attempt to shape perceptions, manipulate opinions, and control behavior to achieve a response that furthers the desired intent of the propagandist (Jowett & O'Donnell, 2015). McQuail (2010) defines propaganda as the dissemination of information, ideas, opinions, or beliefs, with a view to influencing attitudes or behavior.

Public relations, on the other hand, is defined as a strategic communication process that builds mutually beneficial relationships between organizations and their publics (Davis, 2013). Gurnig and Hunt (1984) identified four models of public relations: press agentry/publicity, public information, two-way asymmetric, and two-way symmetric.

B. Target audience

Propaganda and public relations both target a mass or public audience.

C. Techniques used

Propaganda techniques include emotional appeals, manipulation of information, repetition, and the use of symbols and images. Public relations techniques include media relations, community relations, crisis management, and employee communications.

V. Is Public Relations Propaganda?

A. Similarities between the two practices

Both propaganda and public relations use communication techniques to influence and persuade audiences. They both aim to shape public perceptions and attitudes.

B. Differences between the two practices

The main difference between propaganda and public relations is their intent. Propaganda aims to manipulate and control behavior to achieve a desired outcome, while public relations aims to build mutually beneficial relationships between organizations and their publics.

C. Criticisms of public relations as propaganda

Critics argue that public relations can be used to manipulate public opinion and advance the interests of organizations, just like propaganda. They also argue that public relations can use similar techniques as propaganda, such as emotional appeals and manipulation of information.

VI. Conclusion

A. Recap of definitions and historical developments

Propaganda and public relations are both communication practices that aim to shape public perceptions and attitudes. Propaganda has a negative connotation due to its association with manipulation and control, while public relations is seen as a more ethical and strategic approach to communication.

B. Final thoughts on the relationship between public relations and propaganda.

While there are similarities between the two practices, public relations is not propaganda. Public relations aims to build mutually beneficial relationships between organizations and their publics, whereas propaganda aims to manipulate and control behavior. However, it is important for public relations practitioners to be aware of the potential for their work to be perceived as propaganda and to strive for ethical and transparent communication practices.