Geothermal-Assisted Carnot Battery for Photovoltaic Load Shifting: Multi-Dimensional Comparison and Multi-Objective Optimization

This study presents a comprehensive analysis of geothermal-assisted Carnot batteries for photovoltaic load shifting, covering multi-dimensional comparisons and multi-objective optimization. Geothermal-assisted Carnot batteries offer a promising solution for storing and managing energy from photovoltaic systems, addressing challenges related to intermittency and variability. The study investigates various aspects of this technology, including its thermodynamic performance, economic feasibility, and environmental impact. Through a multi-dimensional comparison, the study evaluates the advantages and disadvantages of geothermal-assisted Carnot batteries compared to other energy storage technologies. Furthermore, the study employs multi-objective optimization techniques to determine the optimal design and operational parameters for maximizing energy storage capacity, efficiency, and cost-effectiveness. The findings provide valuable insights into the potential of geothermal-assisted Carnot batteries for achieving sustainable and efficient energy management in the context of increasing renewable energy integration.