利用实时时钟RTC的秒中断通过USART1接口显示实时时钟。自行设计具体的功能并尝试编程实现。写出具体代码

以下是一个基于STM32F103C8T6的实时时钟RTC的秒中断程序，通过USART1接口显示实时时钟的代码：

#include "stm32f10x.h"

RTC_InitTypeDef RTC_InitStructure;
RTC_TimeTypeDef RTC_TimeStruct;
USART_InitTypeDef USART_InitStructure;

void RTC_Configuration(void);
void USART_Configuration(void);
void NVIC_Configuration(void);
void RTC_IRQHandler(void);
void USART1_IRQHandler(void);

int main(void)
{
    RTC_Configuration();
    USART_Configuration();
    NVIC_Configuration();

    while (1)
    {
        // 等待秒中断
    }
}

void RTC_Configuration(void)
{
    RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_PWR | RCC_APB1Periph_BKP, ENABLE);
    PWR_BackupAccessCmd(ENABLE);
    RCC_LSEConfig(RCC_LSE_ON);
    while (RCC_GetFlagStatus(RCC_FLAG_LSERDY) == RESET);
    RCC_RTCCLKConfig(RCC_RTCCLKSource_LSE);
    RCC_RTCCLKCmd(ENABLE);
    RTC_InitStructure.RTC_HourFormat = RTC_HourFormat_24;
    RTC_InitStructure.RTC_AsynchPrediv = 0x7F;
    RTC_InitStructure.RTC_SynchPrediv = 0xFF;
    RTC_Init(&RTC_InitStructure);
    RTC_ITConfig(RTC_IT_SEC, ENABLE);
    RTC_WaitForSynchro();
}

void USART_Configuration(void)
{
    RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_USART1, ENABLE);
    USART_InitStructure.USART_BaudRate = 115200;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_WordLength = USART_WordLength_8b;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_StopBits = USART_StopBits_1;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Parity = USART_Parity_No;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_HardwareFlowControl = USART_HardwareFlowControl_None;
    USART_InitStructure.USART_Mode = USART_Mode_Tx;
    USART_Init(USART1, &USART_InitStructure);
    USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_TXE, DISABLE);
    USART_Cmd(USART1, ENABLE);
}

void NVIC_Configuration(void)
{
    NVIC_InitTypeDef NVIC_InitStructure;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = RTC_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelSubPriority = 0;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelCmd = ENABLE;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannel = USART1_IRQn;
    NVIC_InitStructure.NVIC_IRQChannelPreemptionPriority = 1;
    NVIC_Init(&NVIC_InitStructure);
}

void RTC_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (RTC_GetITStatus(RTC_IT_SEC) != RESET)
    {
        RTC_ClearITPendingBit(RTC_IT_SEC);
        RTC_GetTime(RTC_Format_BIN, &RTC_TimeStruct);
        char time[9];
        sprintf(time, "%02d:%02d:%02d", RTC_TimeStruct.RTC_Hours, RTC_TimeStruct.RTC_Minutes, RTC_TimeStruct.RTC_Seconds);
        USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_TXE, ENABLE);
        USART_SendData(USART1, time[0]);
    }
}

void USART1_IRQHandler(void)
{
    if (USART_GetITStatus(USART1, USART_IT_TXE) != RESET)
    {
        static uint8_t i = 1;
        if (i < 9)
        {
            USART_SendData(USART1, time[i]);
            i++;
        }
        else
        {
            i = 1;
            USART_ITConfig(USART1, USART_IT_TXE, DISABLE);
        }
    }
}

此程序初始化了RTC和USART1，并启用了秒中断。每当秒中断触发时，程序将读取RTC时间并将其转换为字符串格式。然后，程序将字符串发送到USART1接口。USART1发送数据时，USART1_IRQHandler将被触发。在这个中断处理程序中，程序将字符串的每个字符逐个发送到USART1接口，直到整个字符串发送完毕。