心脏搭桥是什么意思 英文一千字 带标题

Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: Understanding the Procedure

Introduction Coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is a surgical procedure that involves the creation of a new pathway for blood to flow to the heart. It is commonly referred to as heart bypass surgery or simply heart surgery. This procedure is often recommended for patients with blocked or narrowed arteries in the heart that cannot be treated with medication or lifestyle changes. In this article, we will explore the meaning of heart bypass surgery, its indications, and the procedure itself.

What is Heart Bypass Surgery? Heart bypass surgery is a surgical procedure that involves rerouting the blood flow around a blocked or narrowed artery in the heart. The surgeon creates a new pathway for blood to flow to the heart by grafting a blood vessel from another part of the body, such as the chest or leg, to the blocked artery. This new blood vessel is called a graft, and the procedure is referred to as coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG).

Indications for Heart Bypass Surgery Heart bypass surgery is recommended for patients with coronary artery disease (CAD). CAD is a condition where the arteries that supply blood to the heart muscle become narrow or blocked due to the buildup of plaque. This buildup of plaque is often caused by factors such as high blood pressure, smoking, high cholesterol levels, and diabetes. If left untreated, CAD can lead to chest pain, heart attack, heart failure, and even death.

There are several indications for heart bypass surgery, including:

1. Chest pain (angina) that cannot be controlled with medication or lifestyle changes.
2. A heart attack caused by a blocked artery in the heart.
3. Severe blockages in multiple arteries in the heart.
4. Left main coronary artery disease (blockage in the main artery that supplies blood to the left side of the heart).
5. Reduced heart function due to CAD.

Procedure for Heart Bypass Surgery The procedure for heart bypass surgery typically takes 3-6 hours and is performed under general anesthesia. The surgeon makes an incision in the chest to access the heart. The heart is temporarily stopped, and a heart-lung bypass machine is used to circulate blood during the procedure.

The surgeon then takes a blood vessel from another part of the body, such as the chest or leg, and grafts it onto the blocked artery in the heart. The graft is sewn onto the artery above and below the blockage, creating a new pathway for blood to flow to the heart. The number of grafts required depends on the severity and location of the blockages.

After the grafts are in place, the heart is restarted, and the surgeon checks for any leaks or bleeding. The incision is then closed, and the patient is taken to the recovery room.

Recovery from Heart Bypass Surgery Recovery from heart bypass surgery often involves a hospital stay of 5-7 days. During this time, the patient is closely monitored for any complications such as bleeding or infection. Pain medication is often prescribed to manage pain and discomfort.

After discharge from the hospital, the patient is advised to avoid strenuous activities and to gradually increase physical activity over time. The patient may also be prescribed medication to lower cholesterol levels, control blood pressure, and prevent blood clots.

Conclusion Heart bypass surgery is a common procedure used to treat blocked or narrowed arteries in the heart. It involves the creation of a new pathway for blood to flow to the heart by grafting a blood vessel from another part of the body. This procedure is recommended for patients with CAD who cannot be treated with medication or lifestyle changes. While the procedure is invasive, it can significantly improve a patient’s quality of life and reduce the risk of serious complications from CAD.