C++ 通讯录系统：添加联系人并根据首字母搜索

#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
#include <string>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

class Contact {
protected:
    string name;
    string pinyin;
    string nickname;
    string address;
    string birthday;
    string lunarBirthday;
    string relationship;
    string note;
    string company;
    string position;
    string phoneNumber;
    string occupation;

public:
    Contact(string n) : name(n) {
        pinyin = "";
        nickname = "";
        address = "";
        birthday = "";
        lunarBirthday = "";
        relationship = "";
        note = "";
        company = "";
        position = "";
        phoneNumber = "";
        occupation = "";
    }

    virtual void display() {
        cout << "姓名：" << name << endl;
        cout << "姓名拼音：" << pinyin << endl;
        cout << "即时信息：" << nickname << endl;
        cout << "地址：" << address << endl;
        cout << "生日：" << birthday << endl;
        cout << "农历生日：" << lunarBirthday << endl;
        cout << "关系：" << relationship << endl;
        cout << "备注：" << note << endl;
        cout << "公司：" << company << endl;
        cout << "职位：" << position << endl;
        cout << "手机号码：" << phoneNumber << endl;
        cout << "工作：" << occupation << endl;
    }

    string getName() const {
        return name;
    }

    void setPinyin(string py) {
        pinyin = py;
    }

    void setNickname(string nn) {
        nickname = nn;
    }

    void setAddress(string addr) {
        address = addr;
    }

    void setBirthday(string bday) {
        birthday = bday;
    }

    void setLunarBirthday(string lbday) {
        lunarBirthday = lbday;
    }

    void setRelationship(string rel) {
        relationship = rel;
    }

    void setNote(string nt) {
        note = nt;
    }

    void setCompany(string cmp) {
        company = cmp;
    }

    void setPosition(string pos) {
        position = pos;
    }

    void setPhoneNumber(string phone) {
        phoneNumber = phone;
    }

    void setOccupation(string occ) {
        occupation = occ;
    }

    bool operator<(const Contact& other) const {
        return pinyin < other.pinyin;
    }
};

class RelativeContact : public Contact {
public:
    RelativeContact(string n) : Contact(n) {}

    void display() {
        cout << "---亲属联系人---" << endl;
        Contact::display();
    }
};

class ColleagueContact : public Contact {
public:
    ColleagueContact(string n) : Contact(n) {}

    void display() {
        cout << "---同事联系人---" << endl;
        Contact::display();
    }
};

class ClassmateContact : public Contact {
public:
    ClassmateContact(string n) : Contact(n) {}

    void display() {
        cout << "---同学联系人---" << endl;
        Contact::display();
    }
};

class TeacherContact : public Contact {
public:
    TeacherContact(string n) : Contact(n) {}

    void display() {
        cout << "---教师联系人---" << endl;
        Contact::display();
    }
};

class AddressBook {
private:
    vector<Contact*> contacts;
public:
    AddressBook() {}

    ~AddressBook() {
        for (auto contact : contacts) {
            delete contact;
        }
    }

    void addContact(Contact* contact) {
        contacts.push_back(contact);
    }

    void displayContacts() {
        cout << "---通讯录---" << endl;
        for (auto contact : contacts) {
            contact->display();
            cout << "--------------------------------------" << endl;
        }
    }

    void sortByPinyin() {
        sort(contacts.begin(), contacts.end(), [](Contact* a, Contact* b) {
            return a->getName() < b->getName();
        });
    }

    void searchByInitial(char initial) {
        cout << "---以 " << initial << " 开头的联系人---" << endl;
        for (auto contact : contacts) {
            if (toupper(contact->getName()[0]) == toupper(initial)) {
                contact->display();
                cout << "--------------------------------------" << endl;
            }
        }
    }
};

int main() {
    AddressBook addressBook;

    string contactName;
    cout << "请输入联系人姓名：";
    getline(cin, contactName);

    char contactType;
    cout << "请选择联系人类型：(R-亲属, C-同事, M-同学, T-教师) ";
    cin >> contactType;
    cin.ignore();

    Contact* newContact;
    if (contactType == 'R') {
        newContact = new RelativeContact(contactName);
    } else if (contactType == 'C') {
        newContact = new ColleagueContact(contactName);
    } else if (contactType == 'M') {
        newContact = new ClassmateContact(contactName);
    } else if (contactType == 'T') {
        newContact = new TeacherContact(contactName);
    } else {
        cout << "无效的联系人类型" << endl;
        return 0;
    }

    cout << "是否添加联系人属性？(Y/N) ";
    char addProperty;
    cin >> addProperty;
    cin.ignore();

    if (addProperty == 'Y') {
        string pinyin;
        cout << "请输入姓名拼音：";
        getline(cin, pinyin);
        newContact->setPinyin(pinyin);

        string nickname;
        cout << "请输入即时信息：";
        getline(cin, nickname);
        newContact->setNickname(nickname);

        string address;
        cout << "请输入地址：";
        getline(cin, address);
        newContact->setAddress(address);

        // 添加其他属性的输入和设置，例如生日、公司等

    }

    addressBook.addContact(newContact);

    addressBook.sortByPinyin();
    addressBook.displayContacts();

    char searchInitial;
    cout << "请输入要搜索的联系人姓名的首字母：";
    cin >> searchInitial;

    addressBook.searchByInitial(searchInitial);

    return 0;
}

在这个更新的代码中，我们添加了用户输入联系人姓名和类型的功能。用户可以选择亲属（R）、同事（C）、同学（M）或教师（T）作为联系人类型。然后，根据用户选择是否添加联系人的其他属性。用户可以根据首字母搜索联系人。

请根据您的需求和具体情况进一步修改和扩展代码。如果有任何问题，请随时提问。