英语句子简化练习题及答案解析

本练习旨在帮助你提升提取句子核心信息的能力，掌握paraphrase技巧，为英语阅读理解考试做好准备。

请仔细阅读每一道题的原文和选项，选择最能表达原文核心信息的句子。

原文: Wind velocity also increases with altitude and may cause serious stress for trees, as is made evident by the deformed shapes at high altitudes.

选项:

A. Because of their deformed shapes at high altitudes, trees are not likely to be seriously harmed by the strong winds typical of those altitudes.

B. As altitude increases, the velocity of winds increases, leading to a serious decrease in the number of trees found at high altitudes.

C. The deformed shapes of tress at high altitudes show that wind velocity, which increases with altitudes, can cause serious hardship for trees.

D. Increased wind velocity at high altitudes deforms the shapes of trees, and this may cause serious stress for trees.

答案: C. The deformed shapes of trees at high altitudes show that wind velocity, which increases with altitudes, can cause serious hardship for trees.

解析: 原文的核心信息是：海拔越高，风速越大，对树木造成的压力也越大，高海拔地区树木的变形就是证明。选项C准确地表达了这一核心信息，其他选项则添加了原文没有的信息，或者曲解了原文的意思。

原文: For example, some early societies ceased to consider certain rites essential to their well-being and abandoned them, nevertheless, they retained rites as parts of their oral tradition the myths that had grown up around the rites and admired them for their artistic qualities rather than for their religious usefulness.

选项:

A. A society’s rites were more likely to be retained in the oral tradition if its myths were admired for artistic qualities.

B. The artistic quality of a myth was sometimes an essential reason for a society to abandon it from the oral tradition.

C. Some early societies stopped using myths in their religious practices when rites ceased to be seen as useful for social well-being.

D. Myths sometimes survived in a society’s tradition because of their artistic qualities even after they were no longer deemed religiously beneficial.

答案: D. Myths sometimes survived in a society’s tradition because of their artistic qualities even after they were no longer deemed religiously beneficial.

解析: 原文的核心信息是：一些早期社会不再认为某些仪式对他们的福祉至关重要，并将它们抛弃，但他们仍然保留了围绕这些仪式产生的神话，并将它们作为口头传统的一部分，因为它们具有艺术价值，而不是宗教用途。选项D准确地概括了这一核心信息，其他选项则曲解了原文的意思，或者添加了原文没有的信息。

原文: Estimates indicate that the aquifer contains enough water to fill Lake Huron, but unfortunately, under the semiarid climatic conditions that presently exist in the region, rates of addition to the aquifer are minimal, amounting to about half a centimeter a year.

选项:

A. Despite the current impressive size of the aquifer, the region’s climate keeps the rates of water addition very small.

B. Although the aquifer has been adding water at the rate of only half a centimeter a year, it will eventually accumulate enough water to fill Lake Huron.

C. Because of the region’s present climatic conditions, water is being added each year to the aquifer.

D. Even when the region experiences unfortunate climatic conditions, the rates of addition of water continue to increase.

答案: A. Despite the current impressive size of the aquifer, the region’s climate keeps the rates of water addition very small.

解析: 原文的核心信息是：尽管蓄水层的水量巨大，但由于该地区的气候条件，蓄水层的补给率很低。选项A准确地概括了这一核心信息，其他选项则曲解了原文的意思，或者添加了原文没有的信息。

原文: Continued sedimentation—the process of deposits’ settling on the sea bottom—buries the organic matter and subjects it to higher temperatures and pressures, which convert the organic matter to oil and gas.

选项:

A. Higher temperatures and pressures promote sedimentation (沉淀), which is responsible for petroleum formation.

B. Deposits of sediments on top of organic matter increase the temperature of and pressure on the matter.

C. Increased pressure and heat from the weight of the sediment turn the organic remains into petroleum.

D. The remains of microscopic organisms transform into petroleum once they are buried under mud.

答案: C. Increased pressure and heat from the weight of the sediment turn the organic remains into petroleum.

解析: 原文的核心信息是：沉积物的不断堆积将有机物掩埋，并在高温高压的作用下将其转化为石油和天然气。选项C准确地概括了这一核心信息，其他选项则曲解了原文的意思，或者添加了原文没有的信息。

原文: Contrary to the arguments of some that much of the Pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift, it seems reasonable that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals.

选项:

A. Some people have argued that the Pacific was settled by traders who became lost while transporting domestic plants and animals.

B. The settlement of the Pacific islands was probably intentional and well planned rather than accidents as some people have proposed.

C. The original Polynesian settlers were probably marooned on the islands, but they may have been joined later by carefully prepared colonization expeditions.

D. Although it seems reasonable to believe that colonization expeditions would set out fully stocked, this is contradicted by much of the evidence.

答案: B. The settlement of the Pacific islands was probably intentional and well planned rather than accidents as some people have proposed.

解析: 原文的核心信息是：太平洋岛屿的定居很可能是 intentional 和 well planned 的，而不是像一些人所认为的那样是意外事故。选项B准确地概括了这一核心信息，其他选项则曲解了原文的意思，或者添加了原文没有的信息。