面向对象程序设计：交通工具与道路通行测试

以下是使用面向对象程序设计方法设计的代码：

class Vehicle:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name

    def can_pass(self, road):
        pass


class Car(Vehicle):
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)

    def can_pass(self, road):
        if isinstance(road, Railway):
            return False
        return True


class Bus(Vehicle):
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)

    def can_pass(self, road):
        if isinstance(road, Railway):
            return False
        return True


class Train(Vehicle):
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)

    def can_pass(self, road):
        if isinstance(road, Railway):
            return True
        return False


class Road:
    def __init__(self, name):
        self.name = name


class Street(Road):
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)


class Highway(Road):
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)


class Railway(Road):
    def __init__(self, name):
        super().__init__(name)


if __name__ == "__main__":
    car = Car('Car')
    bus = Bus('Bus')
    train = Train('Train')

    street = Street('Street')
    highway = Highway('Highway')
    railway = Railway('Railway')

    print(car.name + ' can pass ' + street.name + ': ' + str(car.can_pass(street)))
    print(bus.name + ' can pass ' + street.name + ': ' + str(bus.can_pass(street)))
    print(train.name + ' can pass ' + street.name + ': ' + str(train.can_pass(street)))

    print(car.name + ' can pass ' + highway.name + ': ' + str(car.can_pass(highway)))
    print(bus.name + ' can pass ' + highway.name + ': ' + str(bus.can_pass(highway)))
    print(train.name + ' can pass ' + highway.name + ': ' + str(train.can_pass(highway)))

    print(car.name + ' can pass ' + railway.name + ': ' + str(car.can_pass(railway)))
    print(bus.name + ' can pass ' + railway.name + ': ' + str(bus.can_pass(railway)))
    print(train.name + ' can pass ' + railway.name + ': ' + str(train.can_pass(railway)))

输出结果：

Car can pass Street: True
Bus can pass Street: True
Train can pass Street: False
Car can pass Highway: True
Bus can pass Highway: True
Train can pass Highway: False
Car can pass Railway: False
Bus can pass Railway: False
Train can pass Railway: True

以上代码定义了交通工具类Vehicle及其子类Car、Bus和Train，还定义了道路类Road及其子类Street、Highway和Railway。每个交通工具类都有一个can_pass方法，用于判断该交通工具是否可以在某个道路上通行。在测试部分，创建了不同类型的车辆和道路，并显示了不同车辆在不同道路上的通行情况。