【问题描述】实现对学生的成绩进行管理。【基本要求】1采用合适的存储结构存储学生成绩信息要求：每个记录有下列数据项：学号、姓名、高等数学、英语、物理、数据结构、面向对象程序设计综合实训、总分、学分积点；以学号为关键字；2具有的功能：1增加学生记录；2修改指定学生的成绩数据；3删除指定学生记录；4查找符合条件指定学号、指定课程、指定课程且成绩在指定范围、学分积点在指定范围的学生成绩信息；5将学生成绩按

以下是C++面向对象实现代码示例：

#include #include #include using namespace std;

class Student { private: string id; // 学号 string name; // 姓名 double math; // 高等数学成绩 double english; // 英语成绩 double physics; // 物理成绩 double dataStructure; // 数据结构成绩 double oop; // 面向对象程序设计综合实训成绩 double totalScore; // 总分 double creditPoint; // 学分积点

public: Student(string id, string name, double math, double english, double physics, double dataStructure, double oop) { this->id = id; this->name = name; this->math = math; this->english = english; this->physics = physics; this->dataStructure = dataStructure; this->oop = oop; this->totalScore = math + english + physics + dataStructure + oop; this->creditPoint = calcCreditPoint(); }

string getId() const {
    return id;
}

string getName() const {
    return name;
}

double getMath() const {
    return math;
}

double getEnglish() const {
    return english;
}

double getPhysics() const {
    return physics;
}

double getDataStructure() const {
    return dataStructure;
}

double getOop() const {
    return oop;
}

double getTotalScore() const {
    return totalScore;
}

double getCreditPoint() const {
    return creditPoint;
}

void setId(string id) {
    this->id = id;
}

void setName(string name) {
    this->name = name;
}

void setMath(double math) {
    this->math = math;
    this->totalScore = calcTotalScore();
    this->creditPoint = calcCreditPoint();
}

void setEnglish(double english) {
    this->english = english;
    this->totalScore = calcTotalScore();
    this->creditPoint = calcCreditPoint();
}

void setPhysics(double physics) {
    this->physics = physics;
    this->totalScore = calcTotalScore();
    this->creditPoint = calcCreditPoint();
}

void setDataStructure(double dataStructure) {
    this->dataStructure = dataStructure;
    this->totalScore = calcTotalScore();
    this->creditPoint = calcCreditPoint();
}

void setOop(double oop) {
    this->oop = oop;
    this->totalScore = calcTotalScore();
    this->creditPoint = calcCreditPoint();
}

double calcTotalScore() const {
    return math + english + physics + dataStructure + oop;
}

double calcCreditPoint() const {
    double cp = 0;
    if (math >= 60) {
        cp += 4.0;
        if (math >= 70) {
            cp += 0.5;
        }
    }
    if (english >= 60) {
        cp += 4.0;
        if (english >= 70) {
            cp += 0.5;
        }
    }
    if (physics >= 60) {
        cp += 4.0;
        if (physics >= 70) {
            cp += 0.5;
        }
    }
    if (dataStructure >= 60) {
        cp += 4.0;
        if (dataStructure >= 70) {
            cp += 0.5;
        }
    }
    if (oop >= 60) {
        cp += 4.0;
        if (oop >= 70) {
            cp += 0.5;
        }
    }
    return cp;
}

void printInfo() const {
    cout << "学号：" << id << endl;
    cout << "姓名：" << name << endl;
    cout << "高等数学：" << math << endl;
    cout << "英语：" << english << endl;
    cout << "物理：" << physics << endl;
    cout << "数据结构：" << dataStructure << endl;
    cout << "面向对象程序设计综合实训：" << oop << endl;
    cout << "总分：" << totalScore << endl;
    cout << "学分积点：" << creditPoint << endl;
}

};

class StudentManagementSystem { private: vector students;

public: void addStudent() { string id, name; double math, english, physics, dataStructure, oop; cout << "请输入学号："; cin >> id; cout << "请输入姓名："; cin >> name; cout << "请输入高等数学成绩："; cin >> math; cout << "请输入英语成绩："; cin >> english; cout << "请输入物理成绩："; cin >> physics; cout << "请输入数据结构成绩："; cin >> dataStructure; cout << "请输入面向对象程序设计综合实训成绩："; cin >> oop; students.push_back(Student(id, name, math, english, physics, dataStructure, oop)); cout << "添加成功！" << endl; }

void updateStudent() {
    string id;
    cout << "请输入要修改成绩的学生学号：";
    cin >> id;
    for (auto &s : students) {
        if (s.getId() == id) {
            double math, english, physics, dataStructure, oop;
            cout << "请输入新的高等数学成绩：";
            cin >> math;
            cout << "请输入新的英语成绩：";
            cin >> english;
            cout << "请输入新的物理成绩：";
            cin >> physics;
            cout << "请输入新的数据结构成绩：";
            cin >> dataStructure;
            cout << "请输入新的面向对象程序设计综合实训成绩：";
            cin >> oop;
            s.setMath(math);
            s.setEnglish(english);
            s.setPhysics(physics);
            s.setDataStructure(dataStructure);
            s.setOop(oop);
            cout << "修改成功！" << endl;
            return;
        }
    }
    cout << "没有找到该学生！" << endl;
}

void deleteStudent() {
    string id;
    cout << "请输入要删除的学生学号：";
    cin >> id;
    for (auto it = students.begin(); it != students.end(); it++) {
        if (it->getId() == id) {
            students.erase(it);
            cout << "删除成功！" << endl;
            return;
        }
    }
    cout << "没有找到该学生！" << endl;
}

void findStudent() {
    int choice;
    cout << "请选择查询方式：" << endl;
    cout << "1. 按学号查询" << endl;
    cout << "2. 按课程查询" << endl;
    cout << "3. 按课程和成绩范围查询" << endl;
    cout << "4. 按学分积点范围查询" << endl;
    cin >> choice;
    switch (choice) {
        case 1: {
            string id;
            cout << "请输入要查询的学生学号：";
            cin >> id;
            for (auto &s : students) {
                if (s.getId() == id) {
                    s.printInfo();
                    return;
                }
            }
            cout << "没有找到该学生！" << endl;
            break;
        }
        case 2: {
            string course;
            cout << "请输入要查询的课程名称（高等数学/英语/物理/数据结构/面向对象程序设计综合实训）：";
            cin >> course;
            for (auto &s : students) {
                double score;
                if (course == "高等数学") {
                    score = s.getMath();
                } else if (course == "英语") {
                    score = s.getEnglish();
                } else if (course == "物理") {
                    score = s.getPhysics();
                } else if (course == "数据结构") {
                    score = s.getDataStructure();
                } else if (course == "面向对象程序设计综合实训") {
                    score = s.getOop();
                } else {
                    cout << "输入的课程名称不正确！" << endl;
                    return;
                }
                cout << "学号：" << s.getId() << "，姓名：" << s.getName() << "，" << course << "成绩：" << score << endl;
            }
            break;
        }
        case 3: {
            string course;
            double minScore, maxScore;
            cout << "请输入要查询的课程名称：";
            cin >> course;
            cout << "请输入成绩范围的最小值：";
            cin >> minScore;
            cout << "请输入成绩范围的最大值：";
            cin >> maxScore;
            for (auto &s : students) {
                double score;
                if (course == "高等数学") {
                    score = s.getMath();
                } else if (course == "英语") {
                    score = s.getEnglish();
                } else if (course == "物理") {
                    score = s.getPhysics();
                } else if (course == "数据结构") {
                    score = s.getDataStructure();
                } else if (course == "面向对象程序设计综合实训") {
                    score = s.getOop();
                } else {
                    cout << "输入的课程名称不正确！" << endl;
                    return;
                }
                if (score >= minScore && score <= maxScore) {
                    s.printInfo();
                }
            }
            break;
        }
        case 4: {
            double minCreditPoint, maxCreditPoint;
            cout << "请输入学分积点范围的最小值：";
            cin >> minCreditPoint;
            cout << "请输入学分积点范围的最大值：";
            cin >> maxCreditPoint;
            for (auto &s : students) {
                double cp = s.getCreditPoint();
                if (cp >= minCreditPoint && cp <= maxCreditPoint) {
                    s.printInfo();
                }
            }
            break;
        }
        default:
            cout << "输入的选项不正确！" << endl;
            break;
    }
}

void sortByCreditPoint() {
    sort(students.begin(), students.end(), [](const Student &s1, const Student &s2) {
        return s1.getCreditPoint() > s2.getCreditPoint();
    });
    for (auto &s : students) {
        s.printInfo();
    }
}

void printAll() {
    for (auto &s : students) {
        s.printInfo();
        cout << endl;
    }
}

};

int main() { StudentManagementSystem sms; char choice; do { cout << "" << endl; cout << "I ---增加学生记录 U ---修改学生成绩" << endl; cout << "D---删除学生记录 F ---查找条件的学生记录" << endl; cout << "S ---按学分积点降序排序并输出 P ---打印学生记录学生记录" << endl; cout << "Q ---结束" << endl; cout << "" << endl; cout << "请选择功能符（输入I、U、D、F、S、P和Q）："; cin >> choice; switch (choice) { case 'I': sms.addStudent(); break; case 'U': sms.updateStudent(); break; case 'D': sms.deleteStudent(); break; case 'F': sms.findStudent(); break; case 'S': sms.sortByCreditPoint(); break; case 'P': sms.printAll(); break; case 'Q': cout << "程序结束！" << endl; break; default: cout << "输入的选项不正确！" << endl; break; } } while (choice != 'Q'); return 0; }