Polarization Modulation in Passive Optical Devices: Exploring 2D Materials for Enhanced Design Flexibility

In conventional passive optical devices, researchers often employ different waveguide structures to accomplish specific functionalities. For instance, asymmetric waveguide structures, grating structures, and certain metamaterials are designed to achieve polarization-modulated devices. The incorporation of two-dimensional materials offers an additional avenue for design flexibility, such as utilizing patterned two-dimensional materials to achieve polarization-modulated functionalities.