Topology-Optimized Model: Deformation and Stress Analysis

The deformation and stress of the topology-optimized model under the specified conditions are illustrated in Fig. 10 and Fig. 11. The maximum observed deformation is 1.37 mm, which occurs at a stress of 105 MPa on the longitudinal girder between the 3rd and 4th cross beams. It is important to note that this value remains below the maximum permissible stress of the material, which is 345 MPa. Notably, the location of the maximum stress aligns with the 2nd cross beam and is consistent with the overall dimensions of the frame. Given the overall size of the frame, the deformation falls within a safe range and satisfies the stiffness requirement.