Enhanced Reality Spatial Registration for Spine Surgery: A 2D/3D Image-Based Approach

This study proposes a spatial registration method based on 2D/3D registration to achieve spatial registration of the medical image coordinate system and patient coordinate system. The purpose of this registration method is to provide accurate and reliable image guidance for complex spine surgeries. In the phantom experiment, the average surface registration error was 0.501 mm. Compared with traditional methods, such as registration based on physical anatomical features or markers, which require invasive exposure to the target anatomy and may cause additional trauma to the patient, the proposed image-based 2D/3D registration method has several advantages. First, it does not require physical contact with the patient's anatomy. Second, it does not require manual segmentation of feature points by experienced operators, which is time-consuming and subjective. Third, it reduces surgical time by requiring only a small number of X-ray images to be obtained by the surgeon. However, there are still some technical issues that need to be addressed, such as the uncertainty of external/internal calibration of X-ray imaging devices, which may affect the accuracy of spatial registration results.

In conclusion, the proposed augmented reality spatial registration method based on 2D/3D registration technology can be applied in spine surgery navigation systems based on augmented reality to achieve registration of medical images and patients, thereby avoiding trauma caused by preoperative rigid connections. The key technology established in this study has significant innovation. Future research will focus on the specific characteristics and requirements of clinical practice to promote the application of relevant technologies in clinical practice.