Define modernism and summarize the historical context of modernism in American literature分点阐述举例子

Definition of modernism: Modernism is a literary and cultural movement that emerged in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, characterized by a rejection of traditional values and forms, and a focus on individualism, experimentation, and fragmentation.
Historical context of modernism in American literature:

The aftermath of World War I: the devastation and disillusionment of the war led writers to question traditional beliefs and values, and to explore new forms of expression.
The rise of industrialization and urbanization: the changing social and economic landscape of America challenged traditional ideas of community and identity, and inspired writers to experiment with new forms and styles.
The influence of European Modernism: American writers were exposed to the experimental techniques and ideas of European writers such as James Joyce and Virginia Woolf, and were inspired to create their own distinctive forms of modernist literature.

T.S. Eliot's "The Waste Land": a fragmented and complex poem that reflects the post-war disillusionment and the breakdown of traditional values.
F. Scott Fitzgerald's "The Great Gatsby": a novel that explores the decadence and corruption of the Jazz Age, and the disillusionment of the American dream.
William Faulkner's "The Sound and the Fury": a novel that uses stream-of-consciousness narration and nonlinear structure to explore the fragmented and subjective nature of human experience.
Ernest Hemingway's "The Sun Also Rises": a novel that uses spare, understated prose to convey the disillusionment and aimlessness of the Lost Generation