请把下面的这段话翻译成英语：吊脚楼的民族特征正屋式吊脚楼主要是苗族、侗族、布依族等民族的民间在建造和使用当然在这些区域内的汉族和其他少数民族也在建造和使用这种建筑。在建造和使用这种吊脚楼的过程中各个民族又有各自的文化旨趣和生境知识的特点。比较而言黔东南及桂北的苗族、侗族在这种建筑形态的建造和利用上 特点相对比较接近都是全木质的细微差异是苗族比较强调高悬侗族比较强调围绕鼓楼簇拥；黔西南、黔南的布依族

Ethnic Features of Stilted Buildings

The main ethnic groups that construct and use stilted buildings are the Miao, Dong, and Buyi peoples. However, Han and other minority groups also build and use this type of architecture in these regions. Each ethnic group has its own cultural interests and environmental knowledge, which are reflected in the construction and use of stilted buildings. Comparatively, the Miao and Dong in the Southeast of Guizhou and the North of Guangxi have similar characteristics in the construction and use of this building form, which is made entirely of wood. The slight difference is that the Miao emphasize suspension, while the Dong emphasize the drum tower. The Buyi, Miao, and Zhuang peoples in the Southwest and South of Guizhou are significantly influenced by the karst topography in the construction and use of this building. The materials used have a certain "preference" for stone, and the structure is almost entirely made up of upper wooden floors and lower stone walls. The two-winged stilted building is mainly constructed and used by the Han, Tujia, and Miao peoples in the West of Hubei, Southeast of Chongqing, West of Hunan, and Northeast of Guizhou. The Han and Tujia peoples have relatively consistent ideas and interests in the construction and use of the two-winged stilted building. The Miao people in this area often build single-winged stilted buildings, and even if they build two-winged stilted buildings, they rarely build a high wall in front of the courtyard to connect the main house and the stilted building, creating a more square enclosed space.

The Form of Stilted Buildings

The main feature of a normal stilted building is that it is built on a slope by using the natural terrain or being constructed by the river, with the rear of the building connected to the slope and the front supported by wooden pillars. The depth of the bottom floor is relatively shallow, and the floor is half solid and half hollow. The width of the building is mostly four posts with three open spaces, but some have four open spaces. However, there must be "three high and one low" to avoid falling. Some families, due to terrain restrictions or insufficient funds, may only have two or three posts, but they usually leave a mortise, and once the conditions are mature and funds are sufficient, they will build a third post. Stilted buildings in mountainous areas are mostly built facing the water with their houses extending horizontally and parallel to the contour line. If the slope is steep, it will be treated by excavation, filling, or construction to make the building vertical to the contour line. If the slope is gentle, the building will be moved forward, and various methods such as overhanging, cantilevering, dropping, and layering will be used to form a profile of "occupying the sky without occupying the ground," "leveling the sky and not leveling the ground," or "neither leveling the sky nor the ground." This creates a structure that combines a half-solid and half-hollow floor, forming a series of spatial zones centered around production, life, and storage. In the ancient land of Ba Shu under the jurisdiction of Chongqing, there are many villages and towns where buildings are made of wood, and the results of construction also show a profile of "occupying the sky without occupying the ground," "leveling the sky and not leveling the ground," or "neither leveling the sky nor the ground." Strictly speaking, however, they are not stilted buildings.

The basic method of constructing a stilted building is to use the main pillars to bear the weight and directly transfer the weight of the roof to the foundation through the vertical pillars, and to maintain the stability of the vertical pillars by connecting the eaves pillars and the middle pillars with transverse beams. The transverse beams are also connected by round logs and pass through the middle pillars. The transverse beams near the roof are usually added with an additional beam in front and behind the middle pillar, and below it is a transverse beam that connects the front pillar to the inner eaves pillar. The stepping of the stepped scaffold and the distance between each rafter are arranged evenly, and the joists above each rafter evenly bear the weight of the roof. Most stilted buildings today are covered with green tiles or cedar bark.

The floor and walls of stilted buildings do not bear any weight and are only used for enclosure or dividing space. The materials used for wall panels are mostly wooden boards. The method of constructing the floor is to lay beams and boards on the pillars according to the height of each floor. One end of the floor is connected to the ground, and the other end is supported by the eaves beam. The method of cantilevering the floor is to extend the beams beyond the pillars or use additional beams to connect the inner and outer eaves pillars. The waist eaves are beams that protrude horizontally and are placed on the top of the rafters in the form of a roof, which protects the beams, pillars, nodes, and the ends of the floor from being corroded by wind and rain, and also provides shade and cooling. In order to achieve rainproof, shading, and ventilation without conflict, a layered and tightly fitted form is often used. The waist eaves usually protrude 1